The controversy surrounding the certification of Satluj has once again brought the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) into focus. Amid the ongoing debate, CBFC board member Raaj Mishra has explained how the certification process works, the categories of film certificates and the standards followed before a film is cleared for public release.
Speaking to Vimarsh-Naarad TV, Mishra said screening a film publicly without CBFC certification is a punishable offence. He also clarified that the board functions independently and follows a structured review process before issuing certificates.
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How does the CBFC certify a film?
According to Mishra, every film is first examined by a five-member committee constituted by the CBFC.
“If at least three of the five members approve the film, it is granted certification,” he said.
He explained that the CBFC currently issues three broad categories of certificates:
U (Universal): Suitable for viewers of all ages.
UA: Children can watch the film under parental guidance.
A: Restricted to viewers aged 18 years and above.
Mishra said the certification depends largely on the nature of violence, crime and the overall treatment of the subject. Films featuring graphic violence are generally classified under the ‘A’ category, while those with milder content may receive a ‘UA’ certificate.
If a film is not cleared by the first committee, filmmakers can seek a re-examination by an 11-member panel. If the film is rejected again, they can approach the tribunal for further review.
What content does the CBFC examine before certification?
Mishra said the board assesses whether a film’s theme and narration are appropriate for contemporary audiences while considering the potential impact of its content.
He said films depicting excessively graphic violence are examined carefully to ensure such scenes do not adversely affect viewers.
Speaking about the board’s broader guidelines, Mishra said, “A film should not propagate anti-national ideas or demean the nation or its policies.” He added that while filmmakers enjoy creative freedom, films should not encourage unrest or incite people.
Addressing allegations of political interference, Mishra said he had never received any pressure regarding the certification of a particular film during his tenure on the board.
“I am still a serving member of the CBFC, and till date, I have never received a phone call pressuring us over any particular film,” he said, adding that members are informed about the film they will review only after arriving for the screening.
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Mishra said the board’s responsibility is to ensure films do not hurt public sentiments beyond a reasonable limit while following the certification framework laid down by the CBFC.
His remarks come at a time when films such as Satluj and Jana Nayagan continue to draw attention over their certification status.
FAQs
How does the CBFC certify films in India?
Every film is first reviewed by a five-member committee. If at least three members approve it, the film is granted a CBFC certificate.
Can filmmakers appeal if the CBFC does not clear a film?
Yes. Filmmakers can seek a re-examination by an 11-member committee and, if necessary, approach the tribunal for further review.