Occasional bloating or stomach discomfort is often dismissed as the result of overeating, irregular meal timings or stress. However, when digestive issues become frequent and begin interfering with daily life, they could point to a more persistent condition known as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
According to Dr Kandarp Nath Saxena, Consultant, Department of Gastrointestinal Science at Manipal Hospitals, Jaipur, IBS is one of the most common digestive disorders but is often overlooked in its early stages. Delayed diagnosis can make symptoms more difficult to manage and significantly affect a person’s quality of life.
Speaking to Hindustan Times, the gastroenterologist explained what IBS is, the early warning signs people often ignore and the lifestyle changes that can help control the condition.
What is irritable bowel syndrome?
Dr Saxena explained that irritable bowel syndrome is a disorder of gut-brain interaction, where communication between the brain and the digestive system becomes disrupted.
“Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a condition that affects the intestines and is classified as a disorder of gut-brain interaction, where coordination between the brain and the gut does not function properly,” he said to Hindustan Times.
This poor coordination affects how intestinal muscles move food through the digestive tract while also increasing the gut’s sensitivity, leading to recurring digestive symptoms.
According to the expert, several factors may contribute to IBS, including an imbalance in gut bacteria, previous gastrointestinal infections, food intolerances and stress experienced early in life.
Early symptoms of IBS that are often ignored
Many people mistake the early signs of IBS for temporary digestive problems, delaying medical attention.
Dr Saxena said people should watch out for these common symptoms:
Abdominal pain or cramps, especially around bowel movements
Frequent bloating and excessive gas
Diarrhoea, constipation or alternating between both
Whitish mucus in the stool
A feeling of incomplete bowel emptying even after using the toilet
If these symptoms continue for an extended period or occur repeatedly, medical evaluation is recommended.
How to keep IBS under control
Although IBS is a chronic condition, symptoms can often be managed through diet, lifestyle modifications and, in some cases, therapies such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and gut-directed hypnotherapy.
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As per Hindustan Times quoted in their report, Dr Saxena shared several habits that may help reduce flare-ups:
Increase fibre gradually: Include fruits, vegetables and whole grains in your diet. Fibre supplements may also help, but intake should be increased slowly.
Identify trigger foods: Dairy products, gluten and gas-producing foods may worsen symptoms in some individuals. A low-FODMAP diet may also be beneficial under medical guidance.
Drink enough water: Staying hydrated supports healthy digestion and may help relieve constipation.
Maintain a food diary: Tracking meals can help identify foods that trigger digestive discomfort.
Exercise and manage stress: Regular physical activity, along with yoga, meditation or relaxation exercises, may reduce IBS flare-ups.
Prioritise quality sleep: Consistent and restful sleep supports gut health and helps regulate stress, which can worsen IBS symptoms.
When should you see a doctor?
Persistent abdominal pain, recurring bloating or frequent changes in bowel habits should not be ignored. While IBS is not considered life-threatening, untreated symptoms can significantly affect daily activities and overall quality of life.
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Early diagnosis allows doctors to rule out other digestive disorders and create a personalised treatment plan that helps patients manage symptoms more effectively.
FAQs
What are the first signs of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
Early signs include abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhoea, constipation, mucus in stool and a feeling of incomplete bowel emptying.
What causes irritable bowel syndrome?
IBS is believed to result from disrupted communication between the brain and the gut. Factors such as stress, food intolerances, gut bacteria imbalance and previous infections may contribute.
